1.包皮發炎:
a.年青公狗容易發生輕度包皮炎,排出淡綠色膿液。
b.以清潔劑局部清洗。
c.情況持續或嚴重者,可能係龜頭根部感染可送醫治療。
2.傳染性性病腫瘤(俗稱菜花)(Transmissible Venereal Tumor)
a.多發生在2至3歲公犬,經由性交感染。
b.在陰莖龜頭部,長出許多菜花樣新生腫瘤組織。
c.本病具有自限性,大約6個月後,犬隻自體產生抗體,腫瘤組織自動逐漸消退。
d.腫瘤大,流血不止、或有二次性細菌感染者送醫治療。
e.本病台灣地區常見,母犬發情季節,約束犬隻不要外出,或將犬隻中性化。
3.陰莖流血:
a.病因:
Ⅰ.公母犬交配過程中,公狗陰莖進入母狗陰部鎖住,呈現尾對尾“聯在一起”時強迫分開 ,會造成陰莖龜頭受創傷。
Ⅱ.急性膀胱炎。
Ⅲ.攝護腺疾病。
b.送醫治療。
4.包莖症與箝閉性包莖症(Phimosis and Paraphimosis):
a.病因:先天性包皮腔出口太狹窄,陰莖無法伸出(Phimosis)或伸出後無法縮回(Paraphimosis)。
b.無法縮回之陰莖可給予冷敷,15分鐘後,仍然無效者,送醫治療。
c.有此病歷犬隻可送醫擴大包皮腔出口。
5.隱睪症(Cryptorchidism)
a.出生時犬隻睪丸存在腹腔內,出生後10~14天下降至陰囊。有些犬隻需等到性成熟才能確定隱睪症。
b.若只有一側睪丸降到陰囊腔稱為“單側隱睪症”。約有6~12%公狗有隱睪症。
c.原因:與遺傳有關,其後代不宜留種。
d.單側隱睪,有授精力,雙側隱睪無授精力。隱睪症犬隻有正常性慾與雄性性徵。
e.隱睪之睪丸易轉成腫瘤,也易發生捻轉,最好在4~6歲以前以外科手術摘除,以免轉為腫瘤。
6.公狗性慾太強(Hypersexuality)
a.一般公狗性慾不強。
b.Hypersexuality指過度或不正常的性行為,其症狀有:
Ⅰ.具攻擊性。
Ⅱ.駕乘其他犬隻、人或無生命物體。
Ⅲ.以尿液標示地盤。
Ⅳ.易激動或過度吠叫。
上述各項有些為公犬的正常行為。行為嚴重或場所不當或不能被人接受者列為Hypersexuality。
c.處理:去勢,抗雄性素及行為訓練。
Ⅰ.去勢:成功率約50%。
Ⅱ.抗雄性素藥劑:有些會引起雌性及貧血等副作用。
Ⅲ.行為訓練:費時,需要主人共同參與。
7.睪丸腫瘤:
a.隱睪之睪丸易轉成腫瘤最常見為“支持細胞瘤”此種腫瘤會製造雌激素使公狗雌性化。(包括雙側對稱性脫,乳房腫大,吸引其他公狗)
b.睪丸腫瘤都要外科手術摘除。
8.攝護腺疾病:
a.攝護腺可經由尿道上行性感染而發炎。
b.高齡公犬攝護腺會肥大或形成腫瘤而影響排便,產生便秘情形。
c.攝護腺疾病均需送醫診治。
9.子宮蓄膿症(Pyometra):
a.子宮腔充膿性液體,導致毒血症,產生劇渴、嘔吐、無食慾、休克、死亡。
b.臨床症狀在發情期後4-6週出現,多發生在5歲以上,未生育母犬,有兩型:
Ⅰ.開放型:子宮頸呈開放狀態,子宮腔內容物自子宮頸經陰道排出。
Ⅱ.閉鎖型:子宮頸閉鎖,子宮內容物無法排出母狗呈現嚴重臨床症狀。
c.病因:子宮對卵巢激素敏感度增加,形成子宮內膜增生性囊腫(Cystic endometial hyperplasia,CEH)再轉成子宮蓄膿症。
d.處理:送醫施行卵巢-子宮摘除(OHE)。
10.假懷孕(Pseudopregnancy)
a.母犬未受孕,但呈現懷孕與泌乳症狀,臨床症狀,差異甚大,可從腹部膨脹,乳房發育與泌乳或重現完整的分娩與哺乳等症狀。發生期間在發情後60天。
b.母犬呈現假懷孕,以後每次發情均會出現假懷孕情況,一次比一次嚴重。
c.處理:Ⅰ.支持療法,減少食物與飲水,增加運動。
Ⅱ.根本療法:OHE。
11.卵巢囊腫(Ovarian cyst)
a.母犬發情後,持續自陰部排出血水。
b.卵巢內成熟之濾泡不破裂排卵而持續存在並繼續製造動情素,母狗會持續維持在發情狀態。
c.送醫診治。
12.乳房腫瘤:
a.母犬在性成熟前或發情1~2次以前將卵巢與子宮摘除可完全防止乳房腫瘤之發生。
b.母犬有5對乳房,每個月定期檢查乳房有無腫瘤。
c.母犬乳房腫瘤並非都是惡性,早期發現,以外科手術摘除可有效治癒乳房腫瘤。
13.子宮炎:
a.子宮之細菌感染,多發生在生產後,難產或有助產行為時。
b.臨床症狀:母犬呈現精神沈鬱、無食慾、自陰部排出血樣或黃綠色樣分泌物。
c.送醫治療,嚴重者要摘除子宮。
2 則留言:
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